A fuzzy-QFD approach to supplier selection

This article suggests a new method that transfers the house of quality (HOQ) approach typical of quality function deployment (QFD) problems to the supplier selection process. To test its efficacy, the method is applied to a supplier selection process for a medium-to-large industry that manufactures complete clutch couplings. The study starts by identifying the features that the purchased product should have (internal variables ‘‘WHAT’’) in order to satisfy the company’s needs, then it seeks to establish the relevant supplier assessment criteria (external variables ‘‘HOW’’) in order to come up with a final ranking based on the fuzzy suitability index (FSI). The whole procedure was implemented using fuzzy numbers; the application of a fuzzy algorithm allowed the company to define by means of linguistic variables the relative importance of the ‘‘WHAT’’, the ‘‘HOW’’–‘‘WHAT’’ correlation scores, the resulting weights of the ‘‘HOW’’ and the impact of each potential supplier. Special attention is paid to the various subjective assessments in the HOQ process, and symmetrical triangular fuzzy numbers are suggested to capture the vagueness in people’s verbal assessments. r 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.